Tr. Kwapil, A LONGITUDINAL-STUDY OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL-USE BY PSYCHOSIS-PRONE AND IMPULSIVE-NONCONFORMING INDIVIDUALS, Journal of abnormal psychology, 105(1), 1996, pp. 114-123
The rates of substance use and abuse are higher among psychotic patien
ts and antisocial individuals than in the general population. In a 10-
year longitudinal study, psychosis-prone individuals identified by the
Perceptual Aberration (L. J. Chapman, J. P. Chapman, M. L. Raulin, 19
76) and Magical Ideation (Per-Mag) scales (M. Eckblad & L. J. Chapman,
1983), and individuals with antisocial traits, identified by the Impu
lsive Nonconformity (Noncon) scale (L. J. Chapman et al., 1984), excee
ded a control group on rates of substance use disorders. As hypothesiz
ed, the Per-Mag group demonstrated preferential patterns of substance
use similar to those reported for schizophrenic patients. Participants
who scored deviantly on both the Per-Mag and Noncon scales were at es
pecially heightened risk for substance use disorders. Psychosis pronen
ess at the initial screening predicted substance abuse at the follow-u
p evaluation, but substance abuse at the initial interview did not pre
dict later clinical psychosis or psychoticlike experiences.