The development of gynecological radiotherapy and oncology during this
century has changed the methods of diagnosis and treatment of cancer
and given better results. From the beginning the gynecologist could on
ly palpate and inspect. Later on roentgen examination was introduced a
nd later still microscopic diagnosis, more advanced diagnostic methods
, e.g. endoscopy, ultrasound, isotope examination, advanced microscopi
c diagnosis and computerized tomography. In parallel with the developm
ent in diagnosis, treatment has developed. To start with surgery was t
he only method available. Later on intracavitary radiation, low energy
radiation, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy and high energy treatment
became available along with some experimental therapies. Today we have
a broad range of therapeutic tools to use. In the future we might use
profylaxis more than we do today to prevent cancer and when cancer is
already there we might enhance the immune defence or introduce specif
ic immunotherapy with clonal antibodies, specially made for the actual
tumour, and consequently surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy will
be often less used. It is, of course, impossible in a short paper to r
eview fully the development of gynecological radiotherapy/oncology in
Sweden. The following is a short review based on my personal selection
of some important and interesting developments in the field of gyneco
logical radiotherapy/oncology, especially treatment of cancer of the c
ervix uteri (1).