In this review an updated overview of current improvements on thin-lay
er chromatography (TLC) of gangliosides over the past decade is provid
ed. Basic general techniques and special advice is given for successfu
l separation of glycosphingolipids. New approaches concerning continuo
us and multiple development, and several preparative TLC methods are a
lso included. Emphasis is placed on TLC immunostaining and related tec
hniques, i.e. practical applications of carbohydrate-specific antibodi
es, toxins and bacteria, viruses, lectins and eukaryotic cells. Thus,
this review on ganglioside TLC summarizes its power as an analytical t
ool for a wide range of purposes.