This article analyses 'inferiority' as a symbolic dimension of social
inequality. In addition to being a position in the social hierarchy, i
nferiority signifies a feeling of deficient self-esteem, which has gre
at significance for the understanding of social inequality. After exam
ining the social preconditions of feelings of inferiority in class soc
iety, typical syndromes of feelings of inferiority will be investigate
d. As social inequality has become 'individualised', the social refere
nce system of inferiority has become modernised as a symbolic construc
tion of deficient individuality.