An incremental credit assignment (ICRA) scheme is introduced and appli
ed to time series classification. It has been inspired from Bayes' rul
e, but the Bayesian connection is not necessary either for its develop
ment or proof of its convergence properties. The ICRA scheme is implem
ented by a recurrent, hierarchical, modular neural network, which cons
ists of a bank of predictive modules at the lower level, and a decisio
n module at the higher level. For each predictive module, a credit fun
ction is computed; the module that best predicts the observed time ser
ies behavior receives highest credit. We prove that the credit functio
ns converge (with probability one) to correct values. Simulation resul
ts are also presented.