Cost of disease is a complex notion : financial cost, psychological co
st for those who have cope with a chronic disease. But there is also a
nother cost which has not yet sufficiently been taken into account : t
he cost of resistance to change. It has largely been shown that patien
t education could result in major cost-saving as well as improvement o
f quality of life. Why is there such a resistance from health care pro
viders, health policy planners for implementation of patients educatio
n programes ? These resistances may well be part of the real cost of e
fficient control of a disease and like in the case of diabetes, preven
tion of acute and chronic complications. Education and training of pat
ients has enabled us to decrease markedly lower extremities amputation
s : 12 times less above knee amputations, reduction by half of below k
nee amputations and a four fold decrease of toe amputations at the Uni
versity Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland.