DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE EMS FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF INTRINSIC MOTIVATION, EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION AND NON-MOTIVATION IN SPORTS - ECHELLE DE MOTIVATION DANS LES SPORTS

This article presents the results of 3 studies whose purpose was the c onstruction and validation of a new measure of motivation in sports, l 'Echelle de Motivation dans les Sports (EMS). The scale is composed of 7 subscales assessing three types of intrinsic motivation (intrinsic motivation to Know, to accomplish things, and to experience stimulatio n), three types of extrinsic motivation (external introjected, and ide ntified regulation), and amotivation. Overall results reveal that the EMS has satisfactory internal consistency levels as well as high indic es of temporal stability. Results of a confirmatory factor analysis (w ith LISREL) also confirmed med the 7 factor structure of the EMS. In a ddition, the construct validity of the EMS was supported by a series o f correlational analyses among the 7 subscales as well as between thes e scales and antecedent and consequence variables relevant to sports. Thus, the present findings provide support for the validity and reliab ility of the EMS. It thus appears that the EMS can now be used in spor t research. To this effect, we conclude by proposing future directions concerning the use of the EMS in theoretical and applied research.