This paper describes a kind of low insertion loss phase-shift-keying m
odulators used in 94GHz digital communications systems. A BPSK modulat
or with a insertion loss lower than 3.8dB has been achieved by connect
ing a circulator and a fin-line PIN diode phase shifter in series. The
bandwidth is 2.5GHz given a phase error of +/-5 degrees. The circuits
and experimental results are also given out.