CHROMOSOMAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE HAMSTER INTRACISTERNAL A-PARTICLE (IAP) RETROTRANSPOSONS

The retrotransposon-like elements of the intracisternal A-particle GAP ) sequences occur in about 900 copies per haploid hamster cell genome. By applying the fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technique an d four different, cloned segments of the IAP element as hybridization probes, these elements were found to be distributed in specific patter ns over many of the 44 hamster chromosomes. The hybridization patterns were very similar regardless of whether all four probes or only the I API probe carrying the long terminal repeat (LTR) region were used. Th e IAP elements were found most abundantly, though not exclusively, on the short arms of at least 12 of the autosomes. Of the sex chromosomes , the shorter Y chromosome was stained on both arms, and the X chromos ome on one arm by the IAP probes. Primary Syrian hamster cells, the es tablished Syrian hamster cell line BHK21, and the adenovirus type 12 ( Ad12)-transformed BHK21 cell line T637 yielded very similar results. I n Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) or 3T3 mouse cells, signals could not be elicited by FISH using the Syrian hamster IAP probes. On Southern blo ts, the DNAs from these cell lines hybridized very weakly, if at all, to the IAP sequences. Thus, IAP sequences were retroposed after Syrian hamster and mouse or Syrian and Chinese hamsters had diverged in evol ution.