A GENERALIZED RAMO-SHOCKLEY THEOREM FOR CLASSICAL TO QUANTUM TRANSPORT AT ARBITRARY FREQUENCIES

We present a generalized Ramo-Shockley theorem to evaluate particle cu rrents and energy currents at device contacts, in classical drift-diff usion or hydrodynamic simulation techniques as well as for semiclassic al Monte Carlo and quantum mechanical transport simulation. In contras t to the Ramo-Shockley theorem, our technique (1) is derived for condi tions of extreme time dependence in the charge carriers and forces(inc luding particle-induced radiation), (2) explicitly accounts for partic le generation and recombination processes such as photoexcitation, for ward and inverse Auger processes, or Shockley-Read-Hall recombination, and (3) distinguishes clearly between the contributions of electrons, holes, and the displacement current. The resulting simple new formali sm reduces to the standard Ramo-Shockley theorem as a special case. (C ) 1996 American Institute of Physics.