Ps. Curtis, A METAANALYSIS OF LEAF GAS-EXCHANGE AND NITROGEN IN TREES GROWN UNDERELEVATED CARBON-DIOXIDE, Plant, cell and environment, 19(2), 1996, pp. 127-137
The response of trees to rising atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2])
is of concern to forest ecologists and global carbon modellers and is
the focus of an increasing body of research work, I review studies pub
lished up to May 1994, and several unpublished works, which reported a
t least one of the following: net CO2 assimilation (A), stomatal condu
ctance (g(s)), leaf dark respiration (R(d)), leaf nitrogen or specific
leaf area (SLA) in woody plants grown at <400 mu mol mol(-1) CO2 or a
t 600-800 mu mol mol(-1) CO2, The resulting data from 41 species were
categorized according to growth conditions (unstressed versus stressed
), length of CO2 exposure, pot size and exposure facility [growth cham
ber (GC), greenhouse (GH), or open-top chamber (OTC)] and interpreted
using meta-analytic methods, Overall, A showed a large and signifcant
increase at elevated [CO2] but length of CO2 exposure and the exposure
facility were important modifiers of this response, Plants exposed fo
r <50 d had a significantly greater response, and those from GCs had a
significantly lower response than plants from longer exposures or fro
m OTC studies, Negative acclimation of A was significant and general a
mong stressed plants, but in unstressed plants was influenced by lengt
h of CO2 exposure, the exposure facility and/or pot size, Growth at el
evated [CO2] resulted in moderate reductions in g(s) in unstressed pla
nts, but there was no significant effect of CO2 on g(s) in stressed pl
ants, Leaf dark respiration (mass or area basis) was reduced strongly
by growth at high [CO2], while leaf N was reduced only when expressed
on a mass basis, This review is the first meta-analysis of elevated CO
2 studies and provides statistical confirmation of several general res
ponses of trees to elevated [CO2]. It also highlights important areas
of continued uncertainty in our understanding of these responses.