Patterns of metropolitan suburbanization were analyzed for 51 large me
tropolitan areas. Migration data indicate that suburban population gro
wth attributed to in-migration from outside the metropolitan area is s
ubstantially greater, on average, than that attributed to city-to-subu
rb migration. Distinguishing between these sources of suburban populat
ion growth, significant associations were found between metropolitan s
uburbanization and central-city hardship conditions. The results suppo
rt the notion of a complementary relationship between central cities a
nd suburbs and argue for more aggressive intervention in support of ce
ntral cities and greater cooperation between central cities and suburb
s in matters of regional development policies.