SAFE AT HOME - DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND OTHER HOMICIDES AMONG WOMEN IN NEW-MEXICO

Study objective: To define the contribution of domestic violence (DV) to homicides in women in New Mexico and to examine differences in ethn icity, mechanism, previous documented ill injuries, incidence of sexua l assault, and use of alcohol or illicit drugs between DV- and non-DV- related homicides. Methods: We carried out a retrospective analysis of reports of the stale office of the medical investigator (OMI) reports for ail female homicides from 1990 to 1993 in New Mexico. A homicide was defined as being related to DV if the perpetrator was a cur rent o r former male intimate partner. The chi(2) and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze data. Results: The OMI investigated 134 homicides in women for an overall fatality rate of 4.3 per 100,000. A male intimate partner was the perpetrator in 62 cases (46%). The rate of DV homicid e among American Indians (4.9 per 100,000) was significantly higher th an that among Hispanics (1.7) and non-Hispanic whites (1.8) (RR=2.8; 9 5% confidence interval [CI], 1.5 to 5.1). Firearms were almost two tim es as likely to be used in DV homicides as in non-DV homicides (RR=1.8 ; 95% CI, 1.2 to 2.6). Evidence of old injuries was found more often i n DV homicide cases (35.5%) than in non-DV cases (8.3%) (RR=4.3; 95% C I, 1.8 to 9.8). The presence of alcohol or other drugs was higher amon g non-DV homicide victims (69%) than DV homicide victims (54.3%) (P=.0 3). Conclusion: American Indian women are at particularly high risk of homicide, including DV homicide. Firearms were overrepresented in DV homicides, suggesting that removing firearms from the homes of previou s DV perpetrators would be a useful public health strategy. Alcohol or illicit drugs were found in approximately two thirds of New Mexico wo men who were victims of homicide. The high prevalence of history of pr evious injuries among DV homicide victims indicates that early identif ication of DV victims in the emergency department and other health car e settings is an important point of intervention.