THE GENE-CLUSTER DIRECTING O-ANTIGEN BIOSYNTHESIS IN YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA SEROTYPE O-8 - IDENTIFICATION OF THE GENES FOR MANNOSE AND GALACTOSE BIOSYNTHESIS AND THE GENE FOR THE O-ANTIGEN POLYMERASE

The rfb gene cluster of Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:8 (YeO8) st rain 8081-c was cloned by cosmid cloning, Restriction mapping, deletio n analysis and transposon mutagenesis showed that about 19 kb of the c loned DNA is essential for the synthesis and expression of the YeO8 O- side-chain in Escherichia coli. Deletion analysis generated a derivati ve that expressed semi-rough LPS, a phenotype typical of an rfe mutant lacking the O-antigen polymerase. The deletions and transcomplementat ion experiments allowed localization of the rfc gene to the 3'-end of the rfb gene cluster. The deduced YeO8 Rfc did not share significant a mino acid sequence similarity with any other protein, but its amino ac id composition and hydrophobicity profile are similar to those of iden tified Rfc proteins. In addition, the codon usage of the rfc gene is s imilar to other rfe genes. Nucleotide sequence analysis identified thr ee other genes upstream of rfc. Two of the gene products showed 60-70% identity to the RfbM and RfbK proteins that are biosynthetic enzymes for the GDPmannose pathway of enterobacteria. The third gene product w as about 50-80% identical to the bacterial GalE protein, UDPglucose 4- epimerase, which catalyses the epimerization of UDPglucose to UDPgalac tose. Since mannose and galactose are both present in the YeO8 O-antig en repeat unit, the above three genes are likely to belong to the rfb gene cluster. A gene similar to the gsk gene downstream of rfc, and ge nes similar to adk and hemH upstream of the rfb gene cluster, were rec ognized. Thus the rfb gene cluster of YeO8 is located between the adk- hemH and gsk loci, and the order is adk-hemH-rfb-rfc-gsk in the chromo some. Also in other Yersinia spp., the locus downstream of the hemH ge ne is occupied by gene clusters associated with LPS biosynthesis.