Presented is a case of a thoracic gunshot wound resulting in descendin
g thoracic aortic and biventricular cardiac injuries. Successful manag
ement of these wounds allowed the development of an unusual and previo
usly undescribed complication of thoracic trauma-thoracic compartment
syndrome. The clinical features, therapy, and potential sequelae of th
oracic compartment syndrome are presented with a review of the literat
ure.