GENETIC TESTING FOR COLON-CANCER SUSCEPTIBILITY - ANTICIPATED REACTIONS OF PATIENTS AND CHALLENGES TO PROVIDERS

The commercial availability of genetic tests for colon cancer suscepti bility is creating new opportunities and challenges for both patients and providers. To provide information useful in the education and coun seling of individuals considering genetic testing, we conducted struct ured interviews with 45 male and female first-degree relatives of colo rectal cancer patients. Fifty-one percent of respondents indicated tha t they definitely would want to obtain a genetic test. for colon cance r susceptibility when it is available and 31% said that they probably would want to be tested. Interest in genetic testing was significantly higher among persons with less formal education and those with a Cath olic religious preference. Motivations for genetic testing included th e following: to know if more screening tests are needed, to learn if o ne's children are at risk and to be reassured. Barriers to testing inc luded concerns about insurance, test accuracy and how one's family wou ld react emotionally. Most participants anticipated that they would be come depressed and anxious if they tested positive for a mutation, whi le many would feel guilty and still worry if they tested negative. Of note, about one-half of respondents expected that they would decrease their use of screening tests and make fewer attempts to reduce dietary fat if they tested negative. These preliminary results underscore the importance of educating patients about the potential risks, benefits and limitations of genetic testing, with particular emphasis on the po ssibility of adverse psychological effects and implications for health insurance. The potential for false reassurance following a negative t est result should be addressed by emphasizing the residual risks of ca ncer among non-carriers of predisposing mutations. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss , Inc.