Practitioners of aerospace medicine are mindful of the environmental e
ffects, particularly air pollution, caused by aviation and spaceflight
operations. To an aerospace medicine specialist, the environment incl
udes not only the air, water, and soil of the earth, but also the cabi
n milieu of aircraft and space vehicles where crews must work, sleep,
and in some cases, live. Consequently, this article will address the f
ollowing areas of concern: cabin air quality of aircraft, cabin air qu
ality of space vehicles, noise, air pollution, and aerial spraying.