A 7 year old Kurdish girl presented with a cerebral infarction and a r
esulting hemiparesis following a blood transfusion. Examination of the
blood film suggested sickle cell anaemia. However a simultaneously ca
rried out haemoglobin electrophoresis showed haemoglobin S and haemogl
obin D. The diagnosis of haemoglobin SD disease was thereby establishe
d. This kind of haemoglobin disorder usually shows a mild clinical man
ifestation. According to our knowledge such serious cases have not bee
n published before. With this disease the main emphasis is on the prev
ention of recurrent cerebral infarctions bay a long-term transfusion p
rogramme whereas the effects of the cerebral infarction are treated in
the usual way.