HYPERTROPHIC OSTEODYSTROPHY AND CALVARIAL HYPEROSTOSIS

Hypertrophic osteodystrophy is an idiopathic bone disease of young, la rge-breed dogs. Patients with the disease typically present with acute lameness and limb swelling over the metaphyseal regions of long bones . Because hypertrophic osteodystrophy is an orthopedic disorder that a ffects young dogs, diagnostic differentials include other juvenile ort hopedic diseases (e.g., osteochondrosis, retained cartilaginous cores, and nutritional bone disease). The condition is characterized by osse ous proliferation and increased bone remodeling. Although the cause of hypertrophic osteodystrophy is currently unknown, recent studies have implicated virus infection in the pathogenesis. Hyperostosis of the c alvarium is an apparently rare disease that occurs in bull mastiffs. T he clinical and pathologic features of calvarial hyperostosis are simi lar to those of craniomandibular osteopathy.