EFFECT OF HARVEST ON LEAF DEVELOPMENT OF THE ASIAN PALM LIVISTONA-ROTUNDIFOLIA

Although palms are the most commonly harvested tree family in the worl d, they are susceptible to overexploitation, and many harvest schemes are not sustainable. We assessed the impact of leaf harvesting of the Asian palm, Livistona rotundifolia, in North Sulawesi, Indonesia, to d etermine the effect of harvest intensity on subsequent growth and to d etermine if current harvest practices are ecologically sustainable. We conducted experimental harvests of two intensities and compared resul ts with a control. Leaf emergence, expansion, opening, and maturation were monitored for I year. Leaves in heavy and light harvest treatment s grew and opened significantly faster than control leaves. Final leaf size was a function of harvest intensity: control of leaves were larg er (4.O6m) than light-harvest leaves (3.62 m) and heavy-harvest leaves (2.62 m). Census results for palms in harvested and unharvested nl en s indicated that palm density was twice as high and reproductive-sized palms were 10 times more common in the unharvested area. We judged cu rrent harvest practices to be nonsustainable. Recommendations for sust ainable harvesting include reduction of harvest intensity and waste an d preservation of reproductive-sized palms.