We report a case of retroperitoneal fibrosis with dilation of the uppe
r urinary tract on both sides and impaired renal function in a 66-year
-old female. The patient was successfully treated by laparoscopic uret
erolysis and intraperitonealization of both ureters with subsequent im
munosuppressive medication. Due to intraoperative subcutaneous emphyse
ma, surgical therapy had to be performed as a two-step procedure but p
ostoperative morbidity was minimal with quick recovery. Laparoscopic u
reterolysis is a reconstructive procedure and the ureters are accessib
le in full length either transperitoneally or retroperitoneally.