The synthesis of hierarchical inorganic-organic composites using biolo
gical design principles is a domain where materials chemists are usual
ly out-smarted by Nature. The author summarizes and discusses the rece
nt contributions made by the groups of Geoffrey Ozin in Toronto (Canad
a) and Stephen Mann in Bath (UK) to the generation of matter with a st
riking resemblance to the highly complex forms characteristic of inorg
anic biological structures,