SEASONAL ALLERGIC RHINITIS - A REVIEW OF CURRENT THERAPY

Epidemiological studies in many countries strongly suggest an increase in the prevalence of seasonal allergic rhinitis, particularly in urba n communities. The mechanisms of allergic rhinitis have been the subje ct of much research, elucidating symptomatology and improving the focu s of therapeutic strategies. Ideally, avoidance of the offending aller gen may be undertaken but is often incompatible with normal activity. Thus, active therapy is usually required, selected from a range of pha rmacologic agents. Choice is determined by the severity of the symptom s, the age and individual circumstances of the patients, and may vary considerably from country to country. The menu will primarily include rapid onset, oral non-sedating H-1 antihistamines, topical nasal stero ids and topical sodium cromoglycate to the nose, eyes or both. These m edications may be given alone or in combination, usually under the dir ection of the primary care physician, and should be commenced in advan ce of exposure to the seasonal allergen. If this proves ineffective, s pecialist referral should be made for further management.