We have determined the crystal structures of two diletopiperazines, cy
clo(L-alanyl-L-seryl).H2O (cis-6-hydroxymethyl-3-methyl-2,5-piperazine
dione hydrate, C6H10N2O3.H2O) and cyclo(glycyl-L-seryl) (3-hydroxymeth
yl-2,5-piperazinedione, C5H8N2O3). The crystal structure of cyclo(L-al
anyl-L-seryl).H2O [cyclo(L-Ala-L-Ser)] consists of a peptide backbone
that is hydrogen bonded to two adjacent diketopiperazine rings, formin
g extended chains through the crystal. The serine hydroxy group of cyc
lo(L-Ala-L-Ser) is hydrated by two adjacent water molecules in the cry
stal. In contrast, the crystal structure of cyclo(glycyl-L-seryl) [cyc
lo(Gly-L-Ser)] is held together by a three-dimensional network of hydr
ogen bonds. The serine hydroxy group of cyclo(Gly-L-Ser) participates
in two hydrogen bonds with the peptide backbone of neighboring molecul
es.