OMEGA-3-FATTY-ACID SUPPLEMENTATION AND LIPOPROTEIN(A) CONCENTRATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GLOMERULAR-DISEASES

Renal disease patients often exhibit alterations in the lipid profile which may become an important risk of accelerated atherosclerosis and contribute to disease progression. Among such alterations, increased l evels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] are common and may be related, in part , to the degree of proteinuria. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (o mega-3 FA) have been reported to decrease Lp(a) concentrations in nonr enal subjects. In addition, they have recently been shown to reduce pr oteinuria in patients with chronic glomerular disease. We therefore te sted the hypothesis that omega-3 FA treatment in patients with chronic glomerular disease may reduce Lp(a) concentrations. Eight patients (2 with membranous glomerulonephritis, 6 with focal glomerular sclerosis ) were submitted to a total of 13 six-week courses of treatment with o mega-3 FA, at a dose of 3 g/day with a triglyceride preparation (n = 4 ) and of 7.7 g/day with an ethyl-ester preparation (n = 9). Both treat ments significantly increased the proportions of omega-3 to omega-6 FA in total serum lipids, documenting compliance to treatment. Both trea tments were also effective in decreasing serum thromboxane (from mean 490 +/- (SEM) 70 to 325 +/- 49 ng/ml, p < 0.05, in the high-dose group ) and prolonging the bleeding time (from 5.8 +/- 0.4 to 7.7 +/- 0.5 mi n, p < 0.05, in the high-dose group), thus documenting the biological efficacy of treatment. However, despite a significant reduction in ser um triglyceride levels (from 137 +/- 20 to 104 +/- 19 mg/dl in the hig h-dose group), Lp(a) concentrations did not change (292 +/- 120 U/l be fore, 315 +/- 130 U/l after the high-dose therapy). Treatment-related changes in proteinuria (from 2.9 +/- 0.5 to 2.1 +/- 0.7 g/24 h) were n ot related at all to changes in Lp(a) levels. We conclude that omega-3 FA do not decrease Lp(a) concentrations in renal patients with chroni c glomerular diseases and that Lp(a) levels are unlikely to be related to the degree of proteinuria within the short-term modifications indu ced by omega-3 FA.