POSTOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY FOR RADICALLY RESECTED N2 NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG-CANCER (NSCLC) - RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-STUDY 1988-1992

In the period 1988-1992, 74 consecutive radically resected patients wi th NSCLC were randomised to postoperative radiotherapy or surgery alon e in order to evaluate the influence of postoperative radiotherapy on survival. There were 61 males and 13 females, aged 35-80 years, median 59 years. Their distribution by stage was as follows: pT1N2 = 19, pT2 N2 = 54, pT3N2 = one patient; histology: 32 squamous, 32 adeno and 10 large cell carcinomas; surgery: atypical resection in six, lobectomy i n 27, bilobectomy in ten, and pneumonectomy in 31 patients. In 27 pati ents, only one lymph node in a single mediastinal lymph node site was affected; in 31 patients more than one lymph node in one site; in 16 p atients more sites were affected. In 35/74 patients radiotherapy of hi lar and mediastinal sites with 3000 cGy in 2 weeks was performed. On D ecember 31, 1994, 19 patients (26%) were still alive; 39/55 patients d ied of the following causes: locoregional failure - 10 (26%), distant metastases - 25 (64%), other tumor-unrelated causes - four patients (1 0%). Five-year survival rates did not show statistically significant d ifferences between the irradiated and surgically treated patients only with respect to sex, pTNM stage, histology and frequency of locoregio nal failure. The number of metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes was the only significant prognostic factor (P < 0.005) in both randomised grou ps.