THE PHYSIOLOGICAL-EFFECTS OF BENCH STEP EXERCISE/

Recent investigation of acute cardiorespiratory responses to the curre nt 'popularised' style of bench/step exercise has validated its use in improving aerobic physical fitness, particularly in women. However, n o marked differences in relative measures of cardiorespiratory demand have been reported between men and women. Instructor data and training investigations further substantiate the effectiveness of bench/step e xercise in promoting physical fitness, including upper body strength. However, the energy cost of bench/step exercise can vary dramatically. Important factors include, the selected step height, exercise rate, i mposed step manoeuvre, routine format and use of hand-held weights. Ha nd-held weights may be more useful for men than woman. During training , bench/step exercise has been reported to yield a high incidence of g rade I injury complaints, particularly in the calf and shoulder region . However, nearly 90% of these complaints were attributable to acute m uscle soreness. Few serious injuries have been associated with the act ivity. Biomechanical research has shown that the ground reaction farce s (GRF) experienced during bench stepping are lower than running and d irectly related to the step height and type of manoeuvre. In addition, compared with novices, instructors exhibit a moderation in the GRF pa ttern generated during landing. This suggests that a learning effect h as occurred and that teachers yield a more consistent landing pattern. Finally, the activity may be effective in improving body composition, but a consideration of factors related to energy expenditure (e.g. ex ercise duration and dietary control) appear to be important in regimen s prescribed for modifying body fat.