In this paper we characterize exactly the complexity of a set-based da
tabase language called SRL, which presents a unified framework for que
ries and updates. By imposing simple syntactic restrictions on it, we
are able to express exactly the classes, P and LOGSPACE. We also discu
ss the role of ordering in database query languages and show that the
horn operator of Machiavelli language in [Ohori et al. (1989)] does no
t capture all the order-independent properties.