BREAST REDUCTION UNDER INTRAVENOUS SEDATION - A REVIEW OF 50 CASES

Breast reduction is a surgical procedure most commonly performed on an inpatient basis under general anesthesia. In the current climate of h ealth care reform, we must evaluate such procedures to determine if th ere are alternate, less expensive, but equally safe means to perform t hem. Our purpose is to present our experience with 50 bilateral breast reductions performed under local anesthesia with intravenous sedation between October of 1991 and October of 1994. We have excluded bilater al reductions under 500 gm total, unilateral reductions, mastopexies, and gynecomastia procedures. Patients were sedated with intravenous Ve rsed and fentanyl and a local solution consisting of marcaine, lidocai ne, and 1:200,000 epinephrine. Intercostal blocks were not used routin ely. Monitoring and sedation were performed by nonanesthesia personnel in 49 patients. There were no complications relating to the sedation or to the local solution. All reductions were performed by the inferio r pedicle technique. The average patient age was 28.0 years (20 to 67 years). The average total breast tissue resected was 1372 gm (516 to 2 948 gm), with 33 patients having resections greater than 1000 gm. Oper ative times averaged 3 hours (115 to 275 minutes). Forty-nine of the 5 0 patients tolerated the procedure with little to no recall. Twenty-ei ght patients were discharged on the same day as admission. One patient recalled some significant discomfort during parts of the procedure. A ll stated that they would again have the procedure performed under loc al anesthesia with intravenous sedation. Our conclusions are as follow s: (1) Breast reduction can be performed safely and comfortably under local anesthesia with intravenous sedation. (2) Patients should be cho sen on their acceptability as intravenous sedation candidates and not with regard to the amount of breast tissue removed. (3) There will be a subset of patients who can be discharged on the same day.