COMPARATIVE BIOLOGIES OF THE CRYPTIC, SYMPATRIC SPECIES, TRUPANEA-BISETOSA AND TRUPANEA-NIGRICORNIS (DIPTERA, TEPHRITIDAE) IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

The biologies of the sympatric, cryptic species, Trupanea nigricornis (Coquillett), a flower head-infesting fruit Ay attacking a wide range of hosts in 8 tribes, 33 genera, and at least 71 species of Asteraceae , and T. bisetosa (Coquillett), an oligophage attacking only 6 hosts i n 4 genera of the tribe Heliantheae, are described and compared. A maj or biological distinction between these species was their ovipositiona l behavior, whereby females oviposited different numbers of eggs at di fferent sites in different developmental stages of flower heads of the ir hosts. The larvae of these species showed minor differences in thei r feeding behaviors, and their puparia were formed and located similar ly in host flower heads. Development from egg to adult under field con ditions lasted up to 35 d for each species. These species showed subtl e differences in their courtship and mating behaviors, and substantial differences in the daily timing of courtship.