A dynamic theory of a bidirectional ring laser with a slow-response ac
tive medium is developed. This theory takes account of certain specifi
c factors applicable to semiconductor and some solid-state active medi
a, such as the diffusion of the light-emitting centres and nonisochron
icity. These factors are shown to have a significant influence on the
dynamic characteristics of a laser, because they change the conditions
for a phase-sensitive interaction of counterpropagating waves in a po
pulation inversion grating induced by these waves. In particular, thes
e factors give rise to a range where stable bidirectional lasing with
equal wave intensities is observed. They also complicate the dynamics
of such a laser in the region of transient processes.