The measuring accuracy of coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) depends
to a large extent on the software system implemented. For this reason
, the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) supported by the Com
mission of the European Communities (Community Bureau of Reference; BC
R) has started a project to test this software. Simulated data sets re
presenting parts of geometric elements with known distortions were dis
tributed to manufacturers of CMM software. The results of various soft
ware packages were compared with those of PTB's reference software. Al
l evaluations were based on the Gaussian least-squares method. The mai
n result of the test showed that only 37% of the solutions were accept
able. An investigation was also conducted into the ability of current
CMM software to measure gears and to check geometric tolerances accord
ing to ISO 1101 and ISO 5459.