CHILDHOOD-ONSET SCHIZOPHRENIA - BRAIN MRI RESCAN AFTER 2 YEARS OF CLOZAPINE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT

Objective: The effect of clozapine on striatal morphology was examined in adolescents with childhood-onset schizophrenia. Method: Eight adol escent patients with onset of psychosis before age 12 and eight matche d comparison subjects had initial and 2-year follow-up brain magnetic resonance imaging scans. Basal ganglia and lateral ventricle volumes w ere measured. The patients were on a clozapine regimen during the 2-ye ar interim. Results: Caudate volume was larger in the patients at the initial scanning, decreased in the patients between scans, and did not differ significantly between the patients and the comparison subjects at the second scanning. Conclusions: Caudate enlargement in patients with childhood-onset schizophrenia who are taking typical neuroleptics appears to be secondary to medication exposure. Rescanning to examine basal ganglia morphology is indicated for these patients when they ar e taking an atypical neuroleptic.