My. Svensson et al., THE INFLUENCE OF SEAT-BACK AND HEAD-RESTRAINT PROPERTIES ON THE HEAD-NECK MOTION DURING REAR-IMPACT, Accident analysis and prevention, 28(2), 1996, pp. 221-227
The influence of different seat properties on the head-neck motion dur
ing a low-velocity rear-end impact was tested using a Hybrid III-dummy
fitted with a modified neck (RID-neck). The results show that by modi
fying the properties of the seat-back and head-restraint it is possibl
e to influence the head-neck kinematics to a great extent. It was poss
ible to virtually eliminate the neck extension motion during a rear-im
pact. This will hopefully result in a significant decrease in neck inj
ury risk in real world rear-impacts.