One of the most serious possible consequences of cancer therapy is the
development of a second cancer, especially leukemia. Several distinct
subsets of therapy-related leukemia can be distinguished currently. T
hese include classic therapy-related myeloid leukemia, leukemia that f
ollows treatment with agents that inhibit topoisomerase II, acute lymp
hoblastic leukemia, and leukemias with 21q22 rearrangements or inv(16)
or t(15;17). These types of leukemia are discussed in detail in this
article.