Cancer patients frequently develop anemia, due either to the cancer it
self or to the effects of cancer-related therapy. Recent years have br
ought insights into both the pathogenesis of the anemia of cancer and
the extent to which erythropoietin regulation participates in this pro
cess. Although transfusion therapy was the mainstay of therapy for sym
ptomatic anemia in the Fast, clinical trials have demonstrated that re
combinant human erythropoietin can alleviate both anemia and transfusi
on requirements in many cancer patients and may prove to have an impor
tant role in the treatment of cancer-related anemia in the future.