In the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a rapid clinical diagn
osis supported by the appropriate equipment, the age of the patient, a
nd the extent of the thrombosis are the major determinants of successf
ul therapy. Active and conservative treatment should be aimed at the p
revention of pulmonary embolisms, rethrombosis and elimination of the
thrombus, while preserving venous valvular function, which in turn is
essential to avoid the development of post-thrombotic syndrome. The tr
eatment of acute DVT remains controversial. For this reason the indica
tion, treatment, and recently published results of thrombectomy, throm
bolysis, and the possibilities for preventing DVT are discussed.