The engraftment in SCID mice of human cells susceptible to HIV-1 infec
tion was studied. Repopulation of various tissues by CD4(+) human cell
s in transplanted SCID recipients was monitored via FAGS, PCR, and imm
unohistology. Injection into SCID mice resulted in extensive prolifera
tion of CD4(+) cells in the peritoneal cavity, secondary lymphoid orga
ns and other organs. The SCID-CD4(+) mouse may provide a simple model
system for in vivo research purposes such as HIV-1 infection, anti-HIV
drug screening, and vaccine development.