Amebiasis is an infectious disease produced by Entamoeba histolytica,
which has invasion capacity of the colon mucosa. It has different clin
ical forms, varying from the asymptomatic carrier state to severe, alt
hough not frequent, fulminant or necrotizing colitis, with an importan
t necrosis of the colon mucosa. Perforation or intestinal bleeding are
possible. We report one case of patient who had a history of recient
travel to India. Was admitted with a clinical picture of abdominal pai
n, diarrhea and fever. Initially he received treatment with Metronidaz
ole and steroids, because of doubts in the endoscopy diagnosis of Croh
n's Disease versus Amebic Colitis. The patient developed a fulminant c
olitis, that required emergency surgery because of lower intestinal ma
ssive bleeding. During the operation perforations of the caecum and re
ctum were found. We performed a total colectomy with ileostomy and clo
sing of the stump rectal. Six months later a second operation was made
for the reconstruction of the intestinal continuity by an ileal pouch
and rectal anastomosis.