Indigenous languages and cultures are under threat of extinction as ne
ver before. Cultural revitalization and language renewal are increasin
gly linked to environmental conservation. In this context anthropologi
sts and linguists are increasingly involved in both revitalization and
conservation efforts. These efforts often have the opposite effects o
f those intended. The Itzaj Maya case is examined below to outline the
dynamics of revitalization, conservation, and development in the Pete
n, Guatemala, including potential dangers of outsider involvement and
guidelines for participation in indigenous revitalization movements.