BACKGROUND. Recently, an epidemiologic study showed a lower risk of ga
strointestinal carcinogenesis in green tea drinkers. An experiment on
two-stage skin carcinogenesis in mice showed that (-)-epigallocatechin
gallate (EGCG), one of the main constituents of green tea, inhibited
tumor formation. METHODS. The inhibitory effects of EGCG and green tea
extract (GTE) on N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG)-induced d
uodenal carcinogenesis in the mouse, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanid
ine (MNNG)-induced carcinogenesis of the glandular stomach in the rat,
and azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in the rat were examine
d. The toxicity of GTE was assessed experimentally and GTE was applied
clinically in normal volunteers to determine the effective dose and t
o assess its harmful effects. RESULTS. EGCG and GTE inhibited chemical
carcinogenesis of the gastrointestinal tract in rodents. Judging from
the epidemiologic and experimental findings, it was determined that 1
g per day of GTE might be an effective dose. GTE was not toxic and no
harmful effect was found during its clinical use. CONCLUSIONS. These
findings suggest that EGCG and GTE are useful in preventing gastrointe
stinal carcinogenesis, and the clinical usefulness of GTE, which has n
o harmful effects and is inexpensive, should be studied further. (C) 1
996 American Cancer Society.