Native American (NA) veterans have rarely been the focus of investigat
ional efforts. We review studies relevant to an assessment of NA subst
ance-use disorders, and discuss findings of the Drug Abuse Treatment S
ervices Evaluation Project pertaining specifically to NA veterans. A l
arger proportion of NA veterans discharged from VA inpatient care in F
Y93 were diagnosed with a substance-use disorder compared to the total
population of veterans discharged that year. Substance-dependent NAs
were more likely to be diagnosed with alcohol-use disorders and posttr
aumatic stress disorder, and less likely to be diagnosed with drug-use
disorders and other psychiatric disorders than substance-dependent ve
terans generally.