L. Berryman et al., ERRORS ON CUES FOR CONSONANT IDENTIFICATION ON AUDITORY AND VISUAL WORD-RECOGNITION TASKS, Perceptual and motor skills, 82(2), 1996, pp. 702-702
For 9 women and 9 men undergraduates the proportion of voice, place of
articulation, and manner of articulation errors were significantly di
fferent on an auditory word-in-noise task but not on a visual word-dis
crimination task. Results are most surprising for the visual condition
, since voice cues are considered the least visible of the three cues
for identification of consonants.