Varying patterns of women's employment participation in European count
ries are compared with differing levels of child care provision. The e
arnings forgone over a lifetime by a woman bearing children and those
of a childless woman are simulated for four countries. Working mothers
in both Great Britain and Germany are found to have bigger earnings '
'losses'' than those in France and Sweden, where there is also more ou
t-of-home provision for school-age and younger children.