A total synthesis of the novel neurotrophic agent (+)-lactacystin (1)
has been achieved in 11 steps and 14% overall yield from (2R,3S)-3-hyd
roxyleucine [(+)-16]. The construction and bioassay of several active
analogs are also described. A new asymmetric approach furnished the fo
ur stereoisomers of 3-hydroxyleucine, as required starting materials i
n high overall yield and enantiomeric purity.