We have fully characterized the (2 x 1) reconstruction of the diamond
(111) surface via first principles molecular dynamics simulations. We
find that the reconstructed geometry consists of dimerized pi-bonded c
hains. The dimerization parameter is 1.4% and there is no buckling. We
also find multilayer relaxations and a great stability of the reconst
ructed geometry against thermal fluctuations up to congruent-to 2000 K
.