Aw. Batchelor et al., THE EFFECT OF METAL TYPE AND MULTI-LAYERING ON FRICTION SURFACING, Journal of materials processing technology, 57(1-2), 1996, pp. 172-181
Friction surfacing was attempted with a stainless steel, aluminium and
brass consumables on a mild-steel substrate in the open air and in fl
owing nitrogen. Stainless steel formed a strongly-bonded thick layer b
ut friction surfacing with both aluminium and brass was not possible.
Both brass and aluminium consumables failed to form a heated layer in
contact with the mild steel, high thermal conductivity of either metal
being the probable cause of failure to perform friction surfacing. Ni
trogen ventilation caused cooling of the heated layer between the stai
nless steel and the mild-steel substrate and lowered the quality of th
e coating. Multi-layer surfacing by stainless steel consumables was su
ccessful, with at least three strongly-bonded layers possible, provide
d that the surfaces are free of oily contaminants.