Skeletal neoplasms of the newborn and neonatal period are infrequently
encountered and often misdiagnosed. Osteofibrous dysplasia is a tumor
of childhood that may be seen in the newborn. Because of its unique n
atural history, with and without surgical treatment, and the similarit
y in radiographic appearance of this tumor to other lesions, a high in
dex of suspicion must be maintained when a tibial lesion is encountere
d in the newborn. We present two additional cases of neonatal osteofib
rous dysplasia and discuss the differential diagnostic considerations.