Pl. Chen et Mc. Cross, STATISTICAL 2-VORTEX EQUILIBRIUM AND VORTEX MERGER, Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics, 53(4), 1996, pp. 3032-3035
Two-vortex solutions from the mean field equations respecting all cons
ervation laws of the Euler equations in two dimensions are calculated
in a unit disk. These states are compared to symmetric and off-center
single-vortex solutions. A thermodynamic stability analysis is used to
determine their stability and a critical separation for stable two-vo
rtex states is found from the crossover to instability. This could exp
lain the merging critical ratios observed in numerical simulations and
experiments.