M. Engelke et al., GRAMICIDIN AFFECTS THE TRANSVERSE AND LATERAL DISTRIBUTION OF PYRENE AND PYRENE DERIVED PROBES IN LIPID BILAYERS, SPECT ACT A, 52(1), 1996, pp. 85-91
The excimer-to-monomer fluorescence intensity ratios obtained by direc
t excitation and by energy transfer from protein intrinsic tryptophan
to pyrene and the enhancement of the 0-0 vibration transition in the m
onomer fluorescence spectra of pyrene, pyrene methanol (PM) and pyrene
dodecanoic acid (PD) have been measured as a function of temperature
and gramicidin concentration to investigate the localizations and dyna
mics of these probes in bilayers of small unilamellar vesicles constit
uted of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EPC) and gramicidin containing E
PC liposomes (proteoliposomes). Our measurements reveal that gramicidi
n does not influence the lateral distribution of PD but reduces the PD
excimer formation in the protein environment. On the contrary, PM enr
iches in the vicinity of gramicidin probably as a result of a fluidity
gradient from the phospholipid headgroup region to the protein enviro
nment. Pyrene molecules preferentially reside in the neighbourhood of
gramicidin for the same reason as PM, but are kept away from gramicidi
n at temperatures below 25 degrees C due to the rigidity of the outer
regions of the membrane.